Our approach
Every cystic lesion of the mesentery requires careful assessment.
At MSI, we determine the origin of the lesion, assess the risk of complications, and rule out malignancy. Whenever possible, we perform laparoscopic removal of the cyst while preserving as much of the bowel and its blood supply as possible.
What are mesenteric cysts?
A mesenteric cyst is a fluid-filled cavity located in the mesentery of the small or large intestine.
They may be:
- of lymphatic origin
- mesothelial
- enterogenous
- post-traumatic
- pseudocysts
- other rare types of cystic lesions
The vast majority of mesenteric cysts are benign.
Why do mesenteric cysts develop?
The exact cause depends on the type of cyst.
Possible causes include:
- congenital abnormalities of the lymphatic system
- embryonic anomalies
- previous injuries
- inflammatory processes
- impaired lymphatic drainage
In many cases, the cause remains unknown.
Symptoms
Small cysts often cause no symptoms.
As they enlarge, the following may occur:
- abdominal pain or discomfort
- a feeling of pressure
- a palpable mass
- bloating
- feeling full quickly
- nausea
In rare cases, the following are possible:
- torsion of the cyst
- bleeding into the cyst
- infection
- bowel obstruction
- rupture of the cyst
When to see a doctor
A consultation is recommended if:
- ultrasound, CT, or MRI has shown a cystic lesion of the mesentery
- the lesion is growing
- you have abdominal pain or discomfort
- the nature of the lesion cannot be determined with certainty
- the indications for surgical treatment need to be determined
How is the diagnosis made?
The following are used to establish the diagnosis:
- consultation with a surgeon
- ultrasound examination
- contrast-enhanced computed tomography
- magnetic resonance imaging
- laboratory tests
- histological examination after removal of the lesion
How are mesenteric cysts treated?
The treatment strategy depends on the size, location, symptoms, and nature of the lesion.
Options may include:
- follow-up monitoring in carefully selected cases
- laparoscopic removal of the cyst
- open surgery for large or technically complex lesions
Puncture or simple drainage of the cyst is usually not recommended because of the high risk of recurrence.
Surgical treatment
The main treatment for symptomatic or potentially dangerous mesenteric cysts is complete removal.
At MSI we perform:
- laparoscopic removal of mesenteric cysts
- open removal of large lesions
- resection of a bowel segment when the cyst cannot be safely separated from the mesenteric vessels (if necessary)
- reconstructive procedures to restore bowel continuity
The goal of surgery is complete removal of the lesion while preserving a normal blood supply to the bowel.
Recovery after treatment
After laparoscopic operations, most patients quickly return to their normal lifestyle.
At MSI, ERAS protocols are used to promote early mobilization, quick recovery of bowel function, and a shorter hospital stay.
Why choose MSI
- Specialization in complex abdominal surgery
- Experience in treating rare abdominal lesions
- Preference for laparoscopic techniques
- Individual surgical planning
- Enhanced recovery protocols (ERAS)
- Mandatory histological examination of all removed lesions
Frequently Asked Questions
No. In the vast majority of cases, mesenteric cysts are benign. However, their nature can only be confirmed definitively after histological examination.
Not always. Small asymptomatic cysts can be monitored. Surgery is recommended when symptoms appear, the cyst grows, or another type of lesion cannot be ruled out.
In most cases, yes. Laparoscopic removal is the method of choice if the size and location of the cyst allow it.
In most cases, no. However, if the cyst is closely attached to the mesenteric vessels or the bowel wall, resection of a bowel segment is sometimes necessary for safe and complete treatment.
The outlook is favorable. After complete removal of a mesenteric cyst, the risk of recurrence is minimal, and most patients fully return to their normal lifestyle.