What is open splenectomy?
During the operation, the spleen is removed completely through an open approach.
The procedure is most often performed for:
- massive splenomegaly
- large benign tumors
- large hemangiomas
- splenic injuries
- suspected malignancy
- certain hematological diseases
- cases where a laparoscopic operation cannot be performed safely
Our approach
At MSI, *our first choice is to perform splenectomy laparoscopically*, as it is the modern standard of care for most diseases of the spleen.
Open surgery is performed only when it ensures maximum patient safety or allows the disease process to be eliminated radically.
Before surgery, a comprehensive examination is carried out, which may include:
- ultrasound
- computed tomography
- laboratory tests
- consultation with a hematologist, when indicated
For planned splenectomy, patients receive the necessary vaccinations in line with international guidelines.
During the operation, a search for accessory spleens is always carried out, especially in patients with hematological diseases.
Postoperative treatment follows the principles of *ERAS (Enhanced Recovery After Surgery)*.
When is surgery needed?
Open splenectomy is performed for:
- massive splenomegaly
- large splenic tumors
- traumatic injuries
- suspected malignancy
- uncontrolled bleeding
- complex anatomy of the splenic vessels
- cases where a laparoscopic procedure is impossible or unsafe
Indications for surgery
Surgery is recommended for:
- large symptomatic lesions of the spleen
- a risk of splenic rupture
- hypersplenism
- ineffective conservative treatment of certain hematological diseases
- suspected malignancy
How is the operation performed?
The procedure is performed under general anesthesia.
Through a laparotomy incision, the spleen is mobilized, the splenic vessels are ligated and divided, and the organ is removed.
If necessary, the following are performed:
- removal of accessory spleens
- resection of adjacent tissues or organs, when indicated
- control of bleeding in traumatic injuries
The removed spleen is sent for histopathological examination.
Advantages of open surgery
- Treatment of the most complex diseases of the spleen
- Reliable control of major blood vessels
- Safe removal of a very large spleen
- Combined and reconstructive procedures are possible
- The optimal method for injuries and tumors
Recovery after surgery
Postoperative treatment follows *ERAS* principles.
The length of the hospital stay depends on the extent of the operation, the underlying disease, and the patient's general condition. After discharge, patients receive recommendations on vaccination, infection prevention, and further follow-up.
Our advantages
- Extensive experience in spleen surgery
- A commitment to laparoscopic surgery whenever possible
- Safe treatment of patients with a very large spleen and complex conditions
- Collaboration with hematologists in treating blood diseases
- A routine search for accessory spleens during surgery
- Adherence to international guidelines
- Enhanced recovery program (ERAS)
Frequently Asked Questions
With a very large spleen, massive bleeding, injuries, or complex anatomy, open surgery may be safer than laparoscopy.
Yes. After splenectomy, a person can lead a full life but needs vaccinations and prevention of certain bacterial infections.
Yes. Planned vaccination against pneumococcus, meningococcus, and Haemophilus influenzae type b is a standard part of preparation for splenectomy.
In the treatment of certain hematological diseases, yes. Leaving them in place may reduce the effectiveness of the operation.
After open splenectomy, full recovery usually takes *4--6 weeks*, depending on the complexity of the procedure and the patient's general condition.